October 23 is the 296th (297th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 69.
Railways
- 23 October 1901 Managing Director of Deutsche Bank George von Siemens is dead. He worked for the realization of the Anatolian-Baghdad Railways Project.
- October 23 1978 Turkey-Syria-Iraq railway line was opened.
Events
- 1840 – The Post and Telegraph Ministry was established.
- 1853 – The Crimean War begins.
- 1911 – During the Tripoli War, Italian captain Carlo Piazza made the first military reconnaissance flight in history over the Ottoman trenches in Benghazi. Piazza later also took the first military aerial photograph.
- 1912 – Battle of Kumanovo between Ottoman and Serbian armies in the First Balkan War.
- 1915 – 25-30.000 women marched on 5th Avenue in New York for their suffrage.
- 1926 – In the Soviet Union, Leon Trotsky and Grigoriy Zinoviyev were expelled from the Central Committee of the Communist Party.
- 1929 – The continued decline in the value of stocks on the New York Stock Exchange slowly begins to cause panic (the first signs of the 1929 World Economic Depression)
- 1946 – The United Nations held its first general meeting in New York.
- 1956 – An uprising against Soviet rule begins in Hungary. In demonstrations that spread throughout the country, the rebels demanded the withdrawal of Soviet troops.
- 1959 – III. The Mediterranean Games are over. The Turkish national freestyle wrestling team came first in 8 weight categories and won 13 gold, 8 silver and 1 bronze medals in the general classification.
- 1960 – General census: Turkey’s population is 27.754.820
- 1965 – President Cemal Gürsel gave the task of establishing the government to Süleyman Demirel, Chairman of the Justice Party.
- 1972 – 20 workers died and 76 workers were injured in a firedamp explosion in two separate coal mines in Zonguldak.
- 1973 – US President Richard M. Nixon agrees to hand over the Oval Office audio recordings of the Watergate scandal to the court.
- 1981 – The Consultative Assembly held its first meeting.
- 1983 – Suicide attack with explosive-laden trucks against American and French Peace Corps Headquarters in Beirut. 241 American Marines and 58 French paratroopers were killed.
- 1993 – Karun Treasure was brought to Turkey after 28 years.
- 2011 – An earthquake with a magnitude of 7.2 occurred in Van.
Births
- 1491 – Ignatius of Loyola, Spanish cleric and founder of the Jesuit order (d. 1556)
- 1636 – Hedwig Eleonora, wife of King XI of Sweden, Karl Gustav XI between 1654 and 1660. Karl’s mother (d. 1715)
- 1690 – Ange-Jacques Gabriel, French architect (d. 1782)
- 1715 – II. Peter, Emperor of Russia (d. 1730)
- 1766 – Emmanuel de Grouchy, general and marshal of France under Napoleon (d. 1847)
- 1797 Jan Jacob Rochussen, Dutch politician (d. 1871)
- 1801 – Albert Lortzing, German composer, singer and actor (d. 1851)
- 1813 – Ludwig Leichhardt, Prussian explorer and naturalist (d. 1848)
- 1817 – Pierre Larousse, French grammarian, lexicographer, and encyclopedist (d. 1875)
- 1835 – Adlai Stevenson I, 23rd vice president of the United States (d. 1914)
- 1875 – Gilbert Lewis, American chemist (d. 1946)
- 1875 – Anatoly Lunacharsky, Russian Marxist revolutionary and first Soviet Education Commissar (d. 1933)
- 1876 – Franz Schlegelberger, Secretary of State and Minister of Justice at the German Reich Ministry of Justice during the Third Reich (d. 1970)
- 1890 – Orhan Seyfi Orhon, Turkish poet (d. 1972)
- 1905 – Felix Bloch, Swiss-American physicist (d. 1983)
- 1905 Gertrude Ederle, American swimmer (d. 2003)
- 1906 – Run Run Shaw, Hong Kong entrepreneur and producer (d. 2014)
- 1908 – Ilya Frank, Soviet nuclear physicist (d. 1990)
- 1915 – Bedri Karafakioğlu, Turkish academic, scientist and former ITU rector (d. 1978)
- 1920 – Gianni Rodari, Italian writer and journalist, regarded as one of the best…
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